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Industrial Generator FAQ

F.A.Q.

Industrial Generator Frequently Asked Questions

At Generator Source, we receive many inquiries about electrical, engine, and generator-related topics. To assist our customers and website visitors, we’ve compiled this FAQ covering the most common questions we encounter. This list will be updated regularly based on customer feedback and new developments. If you have additional questions you’d like to see here, please contact us, and we’ll do our best to answer and incorporate them.

What is the difference between kW and kVA?

The primary distinction is the power factor (pf).

  • kW (kilowatts): Measures real power used by equipment.
  • kVA (kilovolt-amperes): Represents apparent power, including real and reactive power.

The power factor (typically 0.8 for industrial generators) determines the relationship between kW and kVA. For example: kW=kVA×0.8\text{kW} = \text{kVA} \times 0.8kW=kVA×0.8 This distinction is vital for correctly sizing and understanding generator performance.

What is a power factor?

The power factor (pf) is the ratio of real power (kW) to apparent power (kVA). It reflects how efficiently the generator transfers power to the load:

  • Higher pf = Greater efficiency.
  • Standard industrial generator pf = 0.8.

For example, if a generator produces 500 kW of real power and 625 kVA of apparent power, the pf is: 0.8=5006250.8 = \frac{500}{625}0.8=625500​

What is the difference between standby, continuous, and prime power ratings?

  • Standby Power: Emergency use during power outages. Limited run time, with no overload capability.
  • Prime Power: Continuous use for variable loads. Includes a 10% overload capacity for limited periods.
  • Continuous Power: Operates at a constant load for unlimited hours. No overload capacity.

If I am interested in a generator that is not the voltage I need, can the voltage be changed?

Yes, but it depends on the generator’s design:

  • Reconnectable Generators: Voltage can be changed.
    • 12-lead: Can switch between three-phase and single-phase (reduced output in single-phase).
    • 10-lead: Limited to three-phase voltages.
  • Non-Reconnectable Generators: Voltage cannot be changed.

What does an Automatic Transfer Switch do?

An Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS):

  • Monitors utility power and automatically switches to the generator during an outage.
  • Switches back to utility power when it’s restored.
  • Commonly used in environments requiring high availability, like data centers or hospitals.

Can a generator I am looking at parallel with one I already own?

Yes, generators can be paralleled:

  • For Redundancy or Increased Capacity: Identical generators are easier to parallel.
  • Different Generators: Paralleling requires careful design and consideration of engine configuration, generator design, and voltage regulators.

Can you convert a 60 Hz generator to 50 Hz?

Most commercial generators can be converted:

  • General Rule: 60 Hz machines run at 1800 RPM; 50 Hz machines run at 1500 RPM.
  • Conversion involves adjusting the engine RPM. Some cases may require part replacements or modifications.

How do I determine what size Generator I need?

Proper sizing is critical to prevent damage to the generator or connected devices:

  • Key Considerations: Power load requirements, prime vs. standby usage, and application specifics.
  • Use our Sizing a Generator article or consult our experts for detailed guidance.

This FAQ is designed to provide a foundation for understanding industrial generators. For more detailed discussions or assistance, please contact us directly!